The Lorax: A History of Silicon Valley

This is adapted from ‘The Lorax’ by the Great Dr. Seuss. If you have not read his work, please do. His stories teach beautiful lessons through the use of whimsy and wonder.

I love Dr. Seuss, so this is a thing I do. If you like it, there are links to others at the end. I make no guarantees as to the freshness of the content.

Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get better. It’s not.

Dr. Seuss 'The Lorax'
  At the far end of tech 
 where the products are sold
 and the wind smells of sandwiches delivered half-cold,
 where no roadmap is ever delivered when told…
 is the street of the Lifted Lorax.
  
 And deep in that end, some people say, 
 if you look deep enough you can still see, today, 
 where the Lorax once stood
 just as long as it could
 before somebody lifted the Lorax away.
 What was the Lorax? 
 And why was it there? 
 And why was it lifted and taken somewhere 
 from the far end of town where the products are sold? 
 The old Once-ler still lives here.
 Ask him. He knows.
  
 You won’t see the Once-ler.
 Don’t look for his booth.
 He stays in his mansion, alone with his things,
 where he drinks cold-pressed juice
 that someone else brings.
 And on rare occasions, out of the blue,
 he tweets
 out a message
 he often repeats
 and tells how the Lorax was lifted away.
  
 He’ll tell you, perhaps…
 If you’re willing to pay.
  
 He’ll send you a link
 to an app where you lay
 one third of your equity, then sign
 NDA
 of course, he will say
 it’s always this way.
    
 He then checks the app
 triple checks the amount
 to ensure he owns you
 that you can’t dismount.
  
 Then he adds what you paid him
 to the piles of cash
 some used for the mortgage
 the rest wipe his ass.
  
 He slacks, “I will ping you by video call,
 While out on my yacht, with crappy sig-nal.
  
 BLURRP!
 The blurps of his call, ring loud in your ear
 and the old Once-ler’s voice is not at all clear,
 since he’s out on the water on cell-phone connection
 choppy and garbled,
 This makes him sound
 quite verbally hobbled.
  
 “Now I’ll tell you.” He says, with his ego displayed,
 “how the Lorax got lifted and taken away…
  
 It all started way back…
 such a long, long time back…
  
 Way back in the days when “The Valley” was green
 and orchards spread far
 for a beautiful scene,
 and a house could be bought by a regular Jane…
 one morning I came to this place I remain.
 And I first saw the schools!
 Stanford and Berkley
 their talent you see!
 So much innovation, but money was lacking,
 an untapped resource, for someone like me.
  
 Between them a freeway Junipero Serra
 with a great halfway point up above Santa Clara
 where Sand Hill Road sat, doing just fine, in a soon to die era.
  
 From the nearby South bay
 came cool morning breezes
 which moistened the fruit
 as it hung in the treeses.
  
 But that talent! Those brains!
 Those smart engineers!
 All my life I’ve been searching
 seeking to obtain
 a resource like this
 that I could abuse.
 A resource I’d care about,
 If I’d read Dr. Seuss.
  
 My heart leapt with joy,
 I’d be an investor!
 I leased a small space
 Near an old shopping center
  
 With GREAT BRAINS AND SKILL, plus some damn lucky timing, 
 We started to watch, our net-worth start climbing.
 In no time at all, I had built a small group
 so I cut down an orchard, at the end of the loop.
  
 The moment I’d finished, I heard W-T-F!
 I looked.
 Something popped out of a plum that had struck
 the ground next to where the last tree lay dead,
 His looks were as strange as the things that he said.
  
 He was small. He was old.
 Had a drawl and was bossy.
 He looked straight on over
 Like he didn’t even know me.
  
 “Douche bag! He said, with a stern knowing tone,
 “I am the Lorax. I speak for what’s grown.
 I speak for what’s grown and warn of what comes!
 And I demand to know, what you’ve done to my plums”-
 He was winded and red; his anger was showing.
 “Why the hell would you destroy, all the things that are growing!”
  
 “Look bro” I said. “No need to get pissy.
 It’s one little orchard. No one will miss. See?
 I’m saving the world. This thing is a network.
 To connect all the people, he said as he smirked.
 It’s a book. It’s a phone. It’s music! It’s apps!
 But it has more to offer than all of that crap!
 You can use it for ads and make tons of money!
 Selling people like products while they use a freebie”
  
               The Lorax replied,
               “Dude, your ego is large, so this may just sting.
               There is no one on earth
               who would need such a thing.
  
 Just as my mouth opened to say “go-to-hell”
 around the corner came AOL,
 they thought this web would be great for a buck.
 They hired some people and backed up a truck.
  
 I clowned the old Lorax, “You stupid old man!
 You’ll never quite get, what we just began!”
  
 “I repeat cried the Lorax,
 I speak for what’s grown!”
  
 “You’re expired. I told him.
 “Go retire in peace.”
  
 I ran for the phone, in those days they plugged in,
 I put in quick calls to nephews and cousins.
 I called all my friends, my college frat buddies
 said here’s the scoop, lets go make some monies!
 We’re going to make the old world move forwards!
 Get over here fast, take the road through the orchards,
 Turn left when there’s strip malls instead of more woods.
  
 And in no time at all,
 the cement was flowing,
 buildings and car lots sprung up in quick fashion,
 concrete and rebar were doing the growing.
 We ‘innovated’
 and we stayed very busy,
 with two maybe three drinks at lunches
 wining and dining,
 betting millions on hunches.
  
 Then…
 Hello, there, hello!
 How the money did flow!
 We needed more buildings
 more car lots
 more blow!
  
 So we cleared orchards with speed
 driven purely by greed.
 We were changing the world
 this was progress we said.
 And that Lorax?...
 We guessed he was dead.
  
 The very next month
 a knock at the door
 open it up, and he’s standing there.
  
 He bellowed, “I’m the Lorax, I speak for what grows,
 Which you are destroying, wherever it shows.
 But I’m also in charge of the birds and the bees
 Who live on the fruit of these orchard trees
 and gorge on the nectar and fruit as they please.”
  
 “Because of your buildings, your car lots, and malls
 there’s not enough food for the winter and falls.
 My poor birds and bees and dying in droves
 the rest are out searching for new homes and new groves.”
  
 “This was paradise to them, but now they must go.
 They require new orchards where their families can grow.
 Good luck my fine friends,” he said as he hung his head low.
  
 I, the Once-ler, felt something
 As I watched them all go.
 BUT…
 Money I worship!
 And I’ve got plenty of blow.
 Who needs birds anyway? I drive a Lambo.
  
 It wasn’t intentional. I didn’t want that.
 But bigger is better when wallets are fat.
 I biggered my bets. I biggered my tech.
 I biggered my campuses. I biggered my head.
 Our tech started shipping, all over the globe
 from Bangkok to Paris and back to Latrobe.
 So I kept on biggering… selling more tech.
 And I biggered my wealth, with each inbound check.
  
 Then there he was, the Lorax was back
 That angry old coot with more shit that was whack.
  
 “I am the Lorax,” he choked through a cough.
 Clearing his throat he readied a scoff.
 “Once-ler!” He roared, with the rasp of his age.
 “Once-ler! The air’s filled with smog. Disengage!
 My poor lotis butterfly, well they can’t see their way.
 At this rate we’ll lose sight of the sun through the day.
  
 “And so,” said the Lorax,
 “-please pardon my tone
 They can’t survive here.
 I’ve sent them off to places unknown.”
  
 “Where will they end?...
 I don’t comprehend.”
  
 “They may have to fly for week upon week
 To get away from you, and the smog that you leak.”
  
 “But worse,” cried the Lorax, his neck hair stood up.
 “Let me say a few words about this f’ng slop.
 Your plants are dumping this shit without stop.
 They build your chips and out this stuff pops.
 And what do you do with this poo smelling goo?
 I’ll show you, you self-entitled boy-man you!”
  
 “You’re killing the lakes where the Lake Splittail fish swims!
 No more can they frolic and live out their whims.
 So I’ve ordered them off. Their future is bleak.
 They’ll wander on land, flip-flopping and weak
 searching for water without oil streaks.”
  
 And then I got angry.
 So shakingly angry.
 I yelled at the Lorax, “Now listen here, Pops!
 All you do is whine, and scream Stop! Stop! Stop!
 Well, I have my liberty, sir, and I’ll tell you
 I intend to keep doing what I want to do!
 And! For your information, you Lorax, I’m going to keep biggering
               And BIGGERING
                             And BIGGERING
                                          And BIGGERING,
 Turning orchards into lots for engineers cars
 to build more tech we can trade for gold bars!”
  
 And at that very moment, we heard a loud sound!
 Outside in the orchards a tree hit the ground.
 The final fruit tree did finally fall.
 The orchards were gone, once and for all.
  
 No room. No more boom. No work to be done.
 So, in no time, my friends, nephews, cousins, every one,
 Threw up two fingers as they hopped in my cars,
 Peace out, they said as the tires burned tar. 
  
 Now all that was left was a bad smelling sky
 Office buildings, parking lots…
 the Lorax…
 and I.
  
 The Lorax said nothing. Stared through my soul…
 his stare said to me, what he saw wasn’t whole…
 as he rose to get going, his mood black as coal.
 I’ll never forget that look on his face
 when he stood one last time, to take leave of this place,
 this Garden of Eden, that I had erased.
  
 And all that the Lorax left here in this mess
 Was a pile of rocks, with one word…
 “Unless.”
 Whatever that meant, well, I just couldn’t guess.
  
 It’s ancient history now.
 But I’ve thought of it lots.
 Worried, and muddled
 to untangle the plot. 
 While Silicon Valley crumbled away
 I’ve tried to make sense
 I’ve worried, I’ve wondered,
 and not just for legal defense.
  
 “But now,” says the Once-ler,
 “Now that you’re here,
 The word of the Lorax seems perfectly clear.
 UNLESS someone like you
 Cares a whole awful lot,
 Nothing is going to get better.
 It’s not.
  
 “So…
 Listen!” cries the Once-ler
 “I’ve sent you a seed
 in it you’ll find the hope that you need.
 It’s the last of its kind, so treat it as such
 there’s no other thing, the world needs this much.
 Plant it somewhere bleak and dreary
 Feed it, water it, and in theory
 The hope will grow big and strong
 and one day the Lorax will come back along. 

Micro-segmentation: What, Why, How?

There’s a lot of buzz around the term micro-segmentation (uSeg) and I thought I’d take some time to demystify it, starting with some history. If you’re more of a visual learner skip to the end and check out the video.

uSeg has roots in ‘zero-trust model’ type of thinking and architectures. At the most basic level the idea is to greatly enhance security models based primarily on perimeter security implementations, like firewalls.

The reason for this is simple, if you rely solely on perimeter security you are completely exposed when (not if) the perimeter is breached. The graphic below depicts this.

In the graphic a single penetration of the firewall can lead to a comprised server or workload which then becomes the attacker with no security left to stop it.

Architectures attempting to enhance perimeter security have been implemented using firewalls as a funnel for all traffic, and VLAN Access Control Lists (VACL), among other similar techniques.

The failure of these attempts comes down to four things:

  1. Visibility: limited knowledge of what traffic  can/can’t be blocked.
  2. Cost: firewall hardware, etc.
  3. Manageability: there’s no good way to manage that many distributed firewall rules or ACLs.
  4. Complexity: any way you slice it this is complex, and complexity kills agility while adding risk, cost, and reducing manageability.

Micro-segmentation spins the conversation back up in a new format. The reason it has created so much buzz is that the tools have caught up to the point where we can reduce, or eliminate the four problems above.

Technologies including big data, SDN, and advanced automation have matured enough to provide frameworks to accomplish granular segmentation at a micro, or even nano level (another term some use).

The advantage of this level of segmentation is depicted below. In the graphic a penetration of the perimeter security compromises a host or workload, but malicious traffic from that host is blocked by micro-segmentation zones. This prevents the attack from propagating further.

As the graphic depicts, micro-segmentation should not be looked at as a replacement for perimeter security, instead it is an enhancement. Micro-segmentation provides advanced  security within the secure perimeter, and in some cases can simplify, not replace,  the perimeter security architecture.

In many cases a 3rd layer of security is also implemented. This is a layer of ‘macro-segmentation.’ Macro-segmentation can be used as a starting point to micro-segmentation, deployed in conjunction, or ignored if not required.

The macro-segmentation layer provides segmentation between large static groups. Great examples are compliant vs. non-compliant, and development life-cycles (dev, test, prod, etc.)

Macro-segments can be deployed in a much wider variety of devices due to the reduced need for granularity and change. Typically macro-segmentation is deployed using Software Defined Networking (SDN) solutions.

The two primary requirements for macro-segments are broad scope, and limited change rate. The reason for this is the broader number of solutions it will deployed in. In general the more granular the scope, or the higher the change rate, the more automated the platform will need to be.

In the next graphic we see the three layers of security operating together. Each layer expands on the last becoming more granular and enhancing protection.

Micro-segmentation is the most granular of the three layers, and there are many options for how to address these segments. Micro-segments can be built around workloads (Server, VM, Container), applications (www.onisick.com, WordPress, Oracle), or traffic flows themselves (TCP X and UDP Y to IP Z). The best workload protection tools in this space offer the ability to do all three.

The ability to use various segmentation methods in parallel is important. Every environment will have different security needs. More so, within every environment different applications/data/workloads will have different needs. Having options allows you to fine-tune cost, time-to-deploy, and security risk accordingly.

The most critical thing to account for as you deploy granular segmentation will be change rate. Many tools can enforce micro-segments, very few can handle authorized change at a rate that doesn’t impact business agility.

Connectivity in a data center tends to change rapidly, static non-automated, micro-segmentation will quickly create outages based on authorized change. A great example of this is software patching.

Software patches often modify the TCP/UDP port(s) used by the application or operating system (OS). If this occurs in an environment where micro-segmentation is tightly deployed, that port change can cause outages.

The old port remains open while the new, required, port is blocked by now-outdated segmentation. Manual remediation processes for this type of thing take 48-72 hours. That will not be nearly fast enough in a micro-segmented world. This is shown below.

Micro-segmentation is a security architecture that should be explored and assessed by organizations of all sizes and types. The level of granularity required, speed-to-deploy, etc. will vary.

To take another view on this topic check out the video below that I produced on the topic.

Driving Digital Transformation

Driving Digital Transformation

“Digital, Digitization, Digital, Digital, Digital Transformation. There, I've hit my mandatory quota of 5 digital mentions for my presentation, now we can get to something interesting.”

That was my opening line at a large data center and cloud conference in Rome. It wasn't the one I'd planned, but I had just spent a day listening to my executive colleagues from around the industry wax philosophically about 'digital' with no mention of how, why, or what. No call to action, no roadmap, no substance. The previous presenter was sitting front row center with his jaw wide open when I finished the sentence. He'd had digital-this, digital-that, as the title for every slide in his deck. Sorry, not sorry.

I haven't watched 'Game of Thrones' but I imagine 'Winter is Coming' might be similar to the way 'Digital Transformation' gets thrown around. 'Um yeah, it's this thing, it's on it's way, it's already happening in some places. Everyone knows what it is, definitely, for sure.' Let's agree that: it is a thing, it is happening, and it is coming in stronger waves. From there let's look at what it is, where it's coming from, and how it can be embraced.

Let's rewind to the beginning of widespread Information Technology adoption. We'll go back to the early days of networked computing and use the adoption of email systems as an example. As a company adopted email systems for the first time, they were dipping their toe into digital transformation. Paper based systems and analog based voice calls were converted to a digital medium. What that was doing under the surface was creating business value through technology adoption. That is the key to digital transformation.

Theoretically if there were two companies in the same industry and one was first to deploy and adopt an email system, they'd have a competitive advantage. The advantage of speed and agility. The hidden key phrase of the sentence being adopt. Deploying an email system wasn't enough. They had to drive adoption, incorporate it into their process and modify work flows to take advantage of it.

As technology became commonplace a shift occurred behind the scenes. Information Technology (IT) moved from a value-creation center to a cost-center. Technology purchase decisions moved from 'what can it do for the business' to how much money can we save doing the same thing. IT sales conversations shifted to circular conversations about return-on-investment (ROI), and sales cycles began incorporating any number of questionable ROI calculations.

Now comes Digital Transformation with all it's hype being treated as something new. It's not. Like most everything in technology it's circular. We're at a technology inflection point where IT can move back into the 'what can it do for the business' seat. Digital Transformation is simply using emerging technology and new IT operational models to drive new value streams for the business or mission. No more, no less.

Several things are coming together at once to form the catalyst of this shift. New technologies like big data, and AI. New consumption models like mobile first compute users. And new delivery models like cloud which provide an extremely low compute entry cost and a scale up model as a company grows. Uber is one of the most touted examples of combining these things to create market disruption, which is just silicon valley's term of the week for transformation.

Uber is an example I like, and not in the doom and gloom 'disrupt or be disrupted' way people love to use them. The question I ask my customers is different: 'If you were the taxi companies three years before Uber launched, and you had the idea for an Uber like app, could you have executed on it? Would your IT infrastructure and organization been able to build and adopt the new model?' Universally the answer is no.

The first stage of digital transformation is modernizing the technology delivery stack into a system that provides agility. Agility to test out new ideas, agility to fail and try again. Agility to deploy the bright ideas that your organization comes up with. The world moves fast, the longer it takes to process an idea, and get it stood up, the higher the chance of missing the market and being out maneuvered.

The dirty secret in all of this is that the technology is easy. There are hundreds of great options to choose from when it comes to the right technology. You can cloud it, automate it, DevOps it, etc. Alone or in tandem all of these things can work perfectly from a technology perspective to achieve your goals. The tech is easy, but most still fail.

The hard part is choosing the technology stack that fits your organization, then remodeling your people and process to take full advantage of it. Nobody likes to admit that getting new technology running is the easy part. The hard part is getting it adopted to it's fullest potential within your organization. Successfully launching a product or project internally is as important as picking the right tech and standing it up.

I look at this like Marine Corps boot camp. As a recruit we spend all of boot camp hating it and waiting to graduate, thinking boot camp is the hard part. Our drill instructors assure us boot camp is the easiest part of being a Marine. Years later we find out they were right. Boot camp, like a technology install, is fairly color by the numbers, if you follow the instructions things work as expected. Being in the fleet, post boot camp is like technology adoption. You're up and running but now it's your responsibility to apply the skills and capabilities the right way every day.

When looking at making technology shifts be ready to tackle the people and process with as much energy as you do the technology. You'll need leaders, champions, early adopters. You'll need to provide a clear sense of direction, intended outcome, and a sense of 'why'. If your team is bought in, and all moving towards the same goal the technology stack becomes a supporting character in the transformation you'll drive.

As a parting thought on Digital Transformation try and think big. I've been privileged to travel the world working with customers of all types in some very interesting places. I've gotten to see first hand the positive transformative power technology can have. From banks in Africa using cell-phone usage statistics to assess credit worthiness and provide small-business loans to people with no credit history, to hospitals in India using tele-medicine to provide advanced patient care on-site in remote villages.

Digital transformation is as much about change and a better future as it is about profit lines. Even better, the two don't have to be separate goals. This is why I wake up every morning excited to see what I can help my customers achieve that day.